Glossary of electrical estimating terms

Alternate bid - Work that the owner can elect to include or exclude in the contract.

Assembly - Assemblies are groups of material items that an estimating program contains, to speed up the estimating profess. Properr understanding and use of assemblies can double your estimating speed.

Assembly Example 1: A Plug Assembly would include 1-4/S j box, 1-plaster ring, 1 receptacle and 1 plug plate.

Assembly Example 2: A 3 Gang Switch Assembly would include 1-3 gang j box, 1- 3 gang plaster ring, 3 switches and 1 3 gang switch plate. When using electrical estmating software you count plugs and switches and do not have to count every piece and part of material.

Base bid - The main bid requested by the customer. Usually the major scope of the work.

Bid Review - A bid review is when you take a detailed look at the estimate and evaluate it to make sure that you have included everything. It is preferably done by more than one person, and is usually done just before the bid is due to be delivered to the bid requestor. Last minute changes are often made to the estimate during the bid review. Good estimating software programs have a recap feature that assists you in analyzing and checking the estimated labor and material costs.

Estimate Production Schedule - A schedule of major electrical take off items or systems in a pre-determined sequence. Example: fixtures & lamps, switchgear & panels, outlets, feeders, branch wiring, fire alarm, special systems, etc.

Exclusions - Exclusions in an Electrical Estimate are statements written on a proposal to communicate what is NOT included in your price.

Inclusions - Write inclusions on your proposal to describe exactly what is work and materials are included in the price.

Job Expenses - Job expenses are non-material items that are costs of doing the project. Items such as core drilling, forklift, ground fault testing, and man lift are job expenses.

Job Walk - A job walks is when you preview the job site to see the job physical conditions. It is often conducted by the prime contractor and is attended by all of the trades that are bidding the job.

Material Take-off - A list of materials required to complete a given job. Take-off refers to taking off (a list) from a set of blueprints. Often times expenses such as permits, forklifts, or other equipment are also included in the material take-off. Each item of material costs a certain amount and takes a certain amount of time to install. When you input the materials into an estimating program, the program provides the cost of materials plus the labor required to install them.

Material Quotes - In order to get pricing to find out your cost for materials you will get quotes from your supplier. You make a complete list of materials and usually show items such as switch gear, lighting and general materials. Switch gear and lighting get quoted by different vendors. Estimating software often has many material items pre-priced. When you use estimating software, since items like conduit and fittings, wire, devices and junction boxes are priced by the software, you would then just need to get quotes for items such as lighting, switch gear an motor controllers.

Proposal - A proposal is the "deliverable" that you present to your customer which shows your price for doing the work. The Proposal should contain exact language of what you are including, what you are excluding and the items you need to qualify in your bid. Good estimating software assists by automatically transferring the bid calculations directly to professional-looking proposal, thus reducing potential errors.

Qualifications - Qualifications are explanations in the written proposal to explain your bid. Example: Work is to be performed between the hours of 8 AM to 5 PM Monday thru Friday.

Recap - A recap is a cost breakdown summary of an estimate. The recap included with estimating software shows a breakdown of exact project costs such as, the exact number of labor hours, the dollar cost of labor, cost of materials, job expenses, and material quotes, etc.

Labor Units - A labor unit is the amount of time required to install electrical materials. Estimating software breaks down 1 labor hour into 100 parts which allows more accurate labor estimates. Example: Installing 1 type of junction box may take 1.27 hours. Breaking down labor hours into 1ooths of an hour makes the labor estimate more precise.

Specifications - A document which describes in detail the technical requirements of materials to be installed on a job.

Scope of Work - Specifies the exact nature of the work to be done.

Spec read form - A preprinted form that lists most of the major items usually shown in specifications. i.e. type of lamps, conduits, fittings, wiring devices, plates, etc.

Sub-contractor Quote - When estimating a project, you will often be required to include items that are out of your expertise, such as data-com systems, concrete work (for light pole bases)or fire alarm systems. The third party to perform the work is your sub-contractor, which would provide you with a quote.

Vendor/Supplier Quote Spreadsheet - A spreadsheet sumitted to contractors in advance showing the requested quoted items such as light fixtures, switchgear and panels, generators, etc. The spreadsheet will also list the various suppliers asked to quote. When the quotes come in, you log them on the spreadsheet. The supplier with the best or most complete price is the one that you would use in your bid.